OIL+-+Seung+Hyun

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=**﻿ OIL **=

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//Heat and pressure turned remains into crude oil today. Petroleum means crude oil it is toxic, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons. It is found mostly by oil drilling. People drill through layers of rock, sand and silt to reach the oil. It is separated, by boiling point, into a large number of consumer products.//=====

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//The petroleum or crude oil must be changed into other products before it can be used. Petroleum is used mostly, petrol, diesel, jet, heating, and other fuel oils. Due to its high energy density, easy transportability and relative abundance, oil has become the world's most important source of energy since the mid-1950s. Petroleum is also the raw material for many chemical products.//=====

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[[image:http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/images/chap08_oil_graphic.jpg width="300" height="250" align="left" caption="Picture of oil formation"]]
//Products obtained from crude oil refinery// []

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//When hydrocarbons are concentrated in a trap, an oil field forms, from the liquid can be extracted by drilling and pumping. Oil can be made into power in lots of ways. It is a fuel or source of energy, which is usually combusted. When it is combusted, chemical energy is transformed into kinetic energy, and can be used to do things such as move pistons in a car’s engine. Oil combustion is exothermic, so it also releases thermal energy. This heat can be used to boil water, to spin turbines and to make electrical energy.//=====

**//__Comsumption__//**
**Top World Oil Consumers, 2008** (thousand barrels per day)
 * Rank || Country || Consumption ||
 * 1 || United States || 1948 ||
 * 2 || China || 7831 ||
 * 3 || Japan || 4785 ||
 * 4 || India || 2962 ||
 * 5 || Russia || 2916 ||

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//All plastic is made from petroleum and plastic and it is used almost everywhere, in cars, houses, toys, computers and clothing. Asphalt used in road construction is a petroleum product as is the synthetic rubber in the tires. Paraffin wax comes from petroleum, as do fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, detergents, phonograph records, photographic film, furniture, packaging materials, surfboards, paints and artificial fibers used in clothing, upholstery, and carpet backing//=====

//The most common distillations of petroleum are fuels. Fuels include (by increasing molecular masses)://

 * =====//Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)//=====
 * =====//Gasoline (Petrol)//=====
 * =====//Diesel fuel (petrodiesel)//=====
 * =====//Kerosene//=====
 * =====//Jet fuel//=====
 * =====//Fuel oils//=====

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//Crude oil and refined fuel spills from ships accidents have damaged nature. Oil spills at sea are much more damaging than on the land, because they can spread for hundreds miles or kilometers, which can cover beaches with oil. This can kill sea birds, mammals, shellfish and other organisms. Oil spills on land are more readily containable because earth dam can quickly block around the spill before the oil spreads and animals can avoid them easily. Control of oil spills is difficult, and need a large amount of manpower.//=====

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//﻿ A tarball is a blob of oil which has been weathered after floating in the ocean. Tarballs are an aquatic pollutant in most environments, although they can occur naturally, Their concentration and features have been used to assess the extent of oil spills. Their composition can be used to identify their sources of origin They are slowly decomposed by bacteria//=====

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